Symbolism and Theme in Everyday Use - 1641 Words

The short story Everyday Use by Alice Walker differentiates between a fake and a real heritage. To illustrate her point she uses one family consisting of a mother and her two daughters and the way each of them views their ancestry and heritage. Through the behavior of these three people Walker is able to clearly show the little things that separate a real heritage from the assumed fake mask. During the time of many positive changes to the lives of black people across the America, the author illustrates what the true African American heritage should look like, compared to empty claims by those who have no understanding it. The first and perhaps the least complex of the symbols in the story is Mama’s yard. In the very beginning of the story†¦show more content†¦At the same time, judging from the way that Dee acts throughout her visit, such bonds to one’s heritage can be easily broken or even completely destroyed. And when these bonds are finally destroyed it becomes impossible for people like Dee to understand the meaning of such little objects like the quilts in much the same way as it is impossible for her to even understand the origins and the legacy of her name. Again the history behind the quilts is really important so Mama describes more of it: â€Å"Bits and pieces of Grandpa Jarrell’s paisley shirts. And one teeny faded blue piece, about the size of a penny matchbox, that was from Great Grandpa Ezra’s uniform that he wore in the Civil War† (495). Made out of many small pieces of Maggie’s and Dee’s ancestors’ clothes, these quilts v isually display the history of their family, including all of the struggles such as war, racism and poverty experienced by its members over last century. What makes these quilts even more valuable and important is the fact that because of her poverty Mama considers her heritage, contained in the things like these quilts, as the most important material object in her possession. Therefore she decides that the best way to honor this heritage would be to pass them to Maggie to be used like they were intended to by those who made the quilts and the legacy contained inside of them. The quilts then summarize the great and long heritage, passed onShow MoreRelatedThe Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night Time Analysis Essay1664 Words   |  7 PagesTime theme analysis essay. The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night time, a novel written by English novelist Mark Haddon is a novel that revolves around the adventure of Christopher Boone and his effort to solve the mystery of the murder of Wellington. The novel presents the theme of difference by the use of traditional narrative conventions. The conventions includes characterization of Christopher,the use of language in the novel, the unusual layout or structure of the novel and the use of symbolismRead MoreEssay on The Importance of Heritage in Everyday Use829 Words   |  4 PagesIn â€Å"Everyday Use † by Alice Walker the exact setting is never revealed and therefore, can only be guessed, but it has been guessed that the story takes place on a country side in Georgia. At one point in the story Augusta is mentioned. The time is also estimated to be during the Civil Rights Movement around the year of 1973. Mrs. Johnson, along with her two daughters, reside in a small three room house, and take pride in there small yard. As Maggie and Dee grow older they start to realize howRead MoreEveryday Use - the Gift of Family945 Words   |  4 Pages Everyday Use is a short story that teaches a value lesson of heritage, inheritance, the past, and one’s family. For some the lesson maybe perceived as an illustration to develop the natural instinct of valuing our family and our past as objects of everyday use. However, the lesson that Alice Walker conveys to her readers is to understand that the value of heritage is within the eye of the beholder. Within this paper I will explain the strategies; I think the writer uses to convey particularRead MoreCharacter Uses In Alice Walkers Everyday Use1095 Words   |  5 Pages The short story â€Å"Everyday Use† by Alice Walker begins with the narrator, Mama, and her daughter, Maggie, sitting in the yard that they both prepared and cleaned the day before. They were waiting for Dee, the oldest daughter, that is returning from college in Augusta after seven years of education. Maggie is going to be nervous for as long as Dee stays because of the scars and burns m arks she got from the fire in their previous house. Maggie thinks that Dee has a much easier life than herRead MoreTheme Of Realism In Poker Night By John Updike1392 Words   |  6 Pages(Updike 5). This is one of many quotes John Updike uses throughout his works to call attention to his abundance of symbolism. This particular quote comes from his short story Poker Night, a story told from the point of view of a man who, after he has just been told he has cancer, goes to play poker with his friends like he has been for 30 years. This particular quote, like many of his others, uses mundane realism to call attention to his symbolism. In this particular case he is using the character’sRead MoreConsider how the natural development of narrative techniques in George Orwell’s 1984 creates a600 Words   |  3 Pagestechniques in George Orwell’s 1984 creates a theme of individualism verses state. What was the point in writing such an obvious theme, since a dystopia is the prime example of an imperfect world? He uses extremely well-developed techniques to demonstrate the dystopian society. Specifically, Orwell uses symbols as well as the setting to thoroughly contribute to the idea of a totalitarian state in his dystopian society; the ideas are in symbolic objects, themes, and characters. Orwell clearly suggestsRead MoreEveryday Use By Alice Walker852 Words   |  4 Pagesthat comes or belongs to one by reason of birth. In â€Å"Everyday Use†, by Alice Walker, the theme of the story can be considered as the meaning of heritage or even the power of education. Alice Walker uses many symbols and motifs such as the following: quilts, education, knowledge, Asalamalakim, and the renaming of Dee. In the story, African heritage and knowledge takes a major role. The African heritage plays a major role in the story, â€Å"Everyday Use†. Alice Walker emphasizes the meaning of heritage byRead MoreTheme Of Guilt In The Scarlet Letter820 Words   |  4 PagesHawthorne’s most famous novel The Scarlet Letter was written in 1850. Throughout this novel, Hawthorne explores many different types of themes. In his novel, The Scarlet Letter, Nathaniel Hawthorne uses symbolism of The Scarlet Letter, Pearl, and the Leech to contribute to the overall theme of guilt. To begin with, Hawthorne uses the scarlet letter â€Å"A† to contribute to the theme of Guilt. The townspeople no longer see a beautiful woman Hester Prynne, the protagonist of this story, the same way before herRead MoreKey Themes In Inside Out1075 Words   |  5 Pages Inside Out The film â€Å"Inside Out† uses symbolism to explore themes through the emotions Riley Anderson experiences throughout tough situations. In ‘Inside Out’, emotions are what control and dominate Riley’s psychological life and her decisions. To understand how the film Inside Out uses symbolism to explore key themes, we must first acknowledge these key themes. One of the themes which will be acknowledged in this essay is adulthood. It is the transcendence from the psychological side of thingsRead MoreA Modest Proposal Essay1335 Words   |  6 PagesDespite the suffering of others, power and personal gain is the ultimate goal of these corrupt human beings. Through the lens of new criticism, the two pieces of literature, Brave New World and â€Å"A Modest Proposal,† use literary devices such as imagery and diction in order to develop a theme which relates to this proposition that many human beings squander in the evils of the world because both stories d eal with personal gain and power even if it calls for the suffering of others. While this is true

The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. (GS) - Financial and...

The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. (GS) - Financial and Strategic SWOT Analysis Review On 05TH DEC.2013 The report provides you an in-depth strategic SWOT analysis of the companies businesses and operations. The profile has been compiled by Global Data to bring to you a clear and an unbiased view of the companies key strengths and weaknesses and the potential opportunities and threats. The profile helps you formulate strategies that augment your business by enabling you to understand your partners, customers and competitors better. The profile contains critical company information including Business description A detailed description of the companys operations and business divisions. Corporate strategy Analysts summarization of the†¦show more content†¦TABLE OF CONTENT Section 1 - About the Company The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. - Key Facts The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. - Key Employees The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. - Key Employee Biographies The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. - Major Products and Services The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. - History The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. - Company Statement The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. - Locations And Subsidiaries Head Office Other Locations Subsidiaries Section 2 Company Analysis The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. - Business Description The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. - SWOT Analysis SWOT Analysis - Overview The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. - Strengths Strength - Capital Adequacy Strength - Operational Performance Strength - Global Reach Strength - Competition The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. - Weaknesses Weakness - Net Interest, Commission and Fees income Weakness - Exposure to High-risk Market The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. - Opportunities Opportunity - Strategic Acquisitions Opportunity - Positive Outlook for Global Wealth Ma rket Opportunity - U.S. Stimulus Package The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. - Threats Threat - Basel III Norms on Capital Requirements Threat - Low Interest Rate Environment Threat - Competition The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. - Key Competitors Section 3 Company Financial Ratios Financial Ratios - Capital Market Ratios Financial Ratios - Annual Ratios Performance Chart FinancialShow MoreRelatedInvestment Banking Morgan Stanley5266 Words   |  22 Pages Team Paper Analysis Investment Banking December 15, 2009 By Table of Contents 1. Introduction 2. Company overview 3. History and Development of the company’s business development 4. Recent Business Developments 5. Mission and vision statement 5.1 Mission statement 5.2 Vision 6. Core business and services offered 7. Market analysis 1. Target market 2. Competitors 8. Financial analysis

Community Problems Free Essays

Many neighborhoods face serious community problems because of certain factors and they have a certain effect on the people living In the communities. I live around a community where there are a lot of car street races which happen on a regular basis and It creates major chaos over the weekends. Seems Like It Is not a major Issue, however, these street races cause major trouble to all the neighbors as It creates noise, causes accidents. We will write a custom essay sample on Community Problems or any similar topic only for you Order Now Creates trouble for all the stores around, for people traveling at night and so on. Every weekend, a specific parking lot in the town of Formidable is filled with Hot Rods, college students, high school students and even adults, not to mention, cops too. This is a huge parking lot outside a mall which has plenty of room for cars and is connected to a highway-route 110. It is the main attraction for guys and girls with hot rods. I heard a lot of stories about this location and about the races taking place there every weekend so I decided to take a look for myself before I could believe any of this. One night, I made a trip to this famous parking lot! At first, when I got to the parking lot, all I saw was a few random cars parked with some guys standing around them and talking to each other In groups. I parked my car there and stopped to watch what happens. I was extremely curious because I had only heard of these kind of scenes in movies and never thought it would be the reality. A little after 1 1 pm, a group of cars came into the parking lot with extremely loud exhaust pipes and loud music. As they revved up the engines my adrenaline started pumping. I could not believe what my eyes saw. A large number of cars drove n and parked there. There were people of all different age groups coming in from high school students, to college students and even elderly men around the age of forty who wanted to show off their hot rods. Soon after, some drivers including female drives took their cars out into the driveway and started drifting and performing rolling burnouts to get the crowd excited. I stepped out of my car and stood there to watch. These people were enjoying themselves with loud music, alcohol, dancing with girls and screaming and shouting. I was shocked when a few gig school kids approached me to ask me about my car because these kids were 9th graders who had sneaked out of their houses at midnight with their parents cars for these races. After around half an hour, a group of cars revved up their engines and started moving towards route 110 so I decided to follow. Once we got onto route 110 they start driving like crazy people over speeding and cutting lanes and eventually turned onto a street off route 110. This lane was completely isolated and there were barely any cars parked there so they lined up their cars there and made a roadblock t the two ends of the lane and started having drag races which made a lot of sound and obviously called In for cops. This is where the major problems from these races start. Once the cops come In, chaos occurs. These guys get Into their cars and started racing off from these race sites In all different directions to avoid getting caught. They go onto the main roads and over speed causing accidents not only for themselves but all the noise they create. They get into accidents, get caught and pay fines, cause trouble to other drivers on the road and so on. This is a major community problem as it attracts a lot of students in the community from not only colleges but also high schools. These kids have illegal modifications on their cars which adds to money in the black market. It also encourages many others to Join this racing league which leads to accidents and deaths. There is a lot of illegal betting and gambling, underage drinking, over speeding and many such laws broken which cause serious community problems every weekend and according to me this should be checked and stopped as soon as possible! How to cite Community Problems, Papers

Essay on Modernism in Literature Example For Students

Essay on Modernism in Literature The turn of the 20th century conveyed revolution in psychological, social, and philosophical thought. It was time for something neoteric. It was time to break out of the mundane tradition. This time of revolution conceded men, such as Charles Darwin, Karl Marx, and Sigmund Freud, to rise to fame with their radical and cutting edge theories. Also, women were exasperated of their modeled roles in society. They sought to be independent, they longed to have the ability to vote, and most of all, they wanted legal equality. This time period also brought the renewal of European expansion. With new motivations, such as economic motivations, social imperialism, and the new theories of racial superiority, the British empire began concentrating on the colonization of Asia and Africa. All change is not necessarily good, however. New thought processes led to the belief of superior races and people groups, which in part, caused World War I. People became cynical, people became evil, and people became destructive. Through the work of writers such as T.S. Eliot, W.B. Yeats, and Joseph Conrad, modernism in literature shed light on the true nature of the heart of humanity. With this newly incorporated view of humanity, a new theory emerged involving psychology and the behaviors of men and women. Sigmund Freud was an Austrian neurologist who founded the discipline of psychoanalysis. (Sigmund Freud) Around the turn of the 20th century, Freud boldly claimed that humans entered the world as pleasure-seeking creatures. Through this claim, Freud ventured into the world of psychosexual development and eventually developed the theory of humans being irrational creatures. He believed that humans had the potential to do horrific things. Man was corrupt. Man wanted to be uncivilized. This was illustrated perfectly in World War I by trench warfare. In trench warfare, the front line directly faced the enemy, who would usually be about 200 yards away. The space in between the front lines of the defenders and the attackers was known as No Man’s Land. (Trench Warfare) Thousands of battle hardened soldiers would put their lives on the line by running into this no mans land, just to win a few feet in the battle of the frontline. This led to hundreds of thousands of casualties just to gain two or three feet on the battlefield. There is no better picture of this theory of irrational creatures than in Joseph Conrads Heart of Darkness, which was published in 1902. (Heart of Darkness) This novella is the story of a man, Marlow, who gathers a crew of sailors to journey down to the Congo, in British controlled Africa. As Marlow and his men begin the adventure down the river, they are soon given a mission to capture Mr. Kurtz, the best ivory extractor in all of Africa. The problem is, Kurtz has gone crazy, and his methods have gone tribal. The corporation believes he has gone insane. Its not until Marlow finally gets to Kurtz through a very trying journey, that he realizes Kurtzs actions are like the rest of ours, except Kurtz was tired of hiding behind civilization. Marlow realizes that we are all evil and we are all corrupt, but we attempt to hide it with civilization. The horror, the horror (Conrad) are Kurtz last words he utters to Marlow before he dies. Kurtz realizes the life of evil he has lived, the inhuman acts he committed, and the regrets he has. The words ring true for society in the real world, expressed by Freud. We are inconsistent with rationality. (irrational) When Marlow returns home, he must inform Kurtzs intended of his death. When she asks what the last thing Kurtz said was, Marlow lied to her, and said that Kurtz uttered her name with his dying breath. Why did Marlow lie? Was it to protect Kurtzs intended? Was it to keep her in the innocent, civilized world she was living in? A world far from the heart of darkness that Marlow and Kurtz were a part of. .u0202ef19c7669ea42482a80e154e9e12 , .u0202ef19c7669ea42482a80e154e9e12 .postImageUrl , .u0202ef19c7669ea42482a80e154e9e12 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u0202ef19c7669ea42482a80e154e9e12 , .u0202ef19c7669ea42482a80e154e9e12:hover , .u0202ef19c7669ea42482a80e154e9e12:visited , .u0202ef19c7669ea42482a80e154e9e12:active { border:0!important; } .u0202ef19c7669ea42482a80e154e9e12 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u0202ef19c7669ea42482a80e154e9e12 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u0202ef19c7669ea42482a80e154e9e12:active , .u0202ef19c7669ea42482a80e154e9e12:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u0202ef19c7669ea42482a80e154e9e12 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u0202ef19c7669ea42482a80e154e9e12 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u0202ef19c7669ea42482a80e154e9e12 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u0202ef19c7669ea42482a80e154e9e12 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u0202ef19c7669ea42482a80e154e9e12:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u0202ef19c7669ea42482a80e154e9e12 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u0202ef19c7669ea42482a80e154e9e12 .u0202ef19c7669ea42482a80e154e9e12-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u0202ef19c7669ea42482a80e154e9e12:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Literature, Arts and Humanities EssayAlong with the revolution in psychology and the beliefs that humans are irrational creatures, Europe was starting to part ties with religion. Society was becoming more secular and it was becoming evident that a philosophical revolution was at hand. New theories dealing with humans and how we came into existence were becoming more popular with Charles Darwins On the Origin of Species.(Charles Darwin) This book challenged creation by a divine being. Instead, we have evolved from simple celled beings by a process called natural selection. As if this theory of evolution didnt challenge the church and religion enough, an excerpt from German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche sure did finish the job.: God is dead. God remains dead. And we have killed him. How shall we comfort ourselves, the murderers of all murderers? What was holiest and mightiest of all that the world has yet owned has bled to death under our knives: who will wipe this blood off us? What water is there for us to clean ourselves? What festivals of atonement, what sacred games shall we have to invent? Is not the greatness of this deed too great for us? Must we ourselves not become gods simply to appear worthy of it? (God is Dead) The turn of the 20th century was marked by change. Equality for women and men. Women suffrage begin to move into a realistic goal. Also, literature began to take a different form. In, T.S. Eliots The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock, we see a different style of writing than in the Victorian era. Let us go then, you and I, (Eliot) is different than the Victorian era because the you is referring to the reader. With this perspective, Eliot is breaking away from Victorian literature, and revolutionizing a new literature. The next area of revolution in the 20th century is a bit more violent. The social structure in Europe was about to take undergo a major upheaval, especially in Russia. Years of discontent had finally reached a breaking point. Pertaining to the population, the poverty of the majority, and the extreme wealth of the tiny minority was creating social tension. The lack of political rights and the strict autocratic rule was creating political tension. In addition to political and social tension, there were a growing number of revolutionary movements. Not only was Europe dealing with these long-term causes that had been building up in the past 200 years, but there were also the effects of World War I. Scarcities of necessities, mass inflation, strikes, protests, and the loss of confidence in the form of government that was ruling over them combined with these long-term causes to make for an interesting breaking point. The Russian Revolution is the most popular, and most significant revolution of this time period. The 300 year Romanv rule was overthrown, and Vladmir Lenin soon took control of the government in Russia. One thing led to another, and then before the rest of Europe knows it, Russia has established the nation ruled by Communism. This was displayed in W.B. Yeats The Second Coming. In this poem, Yeats envisions the 2000 year cycle of the Christian age as spiraling toward its end and the next historical cycle as beginning after a violent reversal. Yeats uses the term gyre for a spiraling motion in the shape of a cone. (Yeats) The darkness drops again; but now I know That twenty centuries of stony sleep were vexed to nightmare by a rocking cradle, and what rough beast, its hour come round at last, slouches towards Bethlehem to be born. (Yeats) The end of an age, which always receives the revelation of the character of the next age, is represented by the coming of one gyre to its place of greatest expansion and of the other to that of its greatest contraction. (Yeats) The turn of the 20th century was the beginning of a new thought process, and the beginning of a new social structure. Modernism was born and literature began to change, along with society. In conclusion, literature has a big part in society. During the psychological, philosophical, and social revolutions of the 20th century, literature was shaped and mended into a product of the revolutions it went through. Through the work of writers such as T.S. Eliot, W.B. Yeats, and Joseph Conrad, modernism in literature shed light on the true nature of the heart of humanity. .u8d5ce9a55271c86f87e577127450a24e , .u8d5ce9a55271c86f87e577127450a24e .postImageUrl , .u8d5ce9a55271c86f87e577127450a24e .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u8d5ce9a55271c86f87e577127450a24e , .u8d5ce9a55271c86f87e577127450a24e:hover , .u8d5ce9a55271c86f87e577127450a24e:visited , .u8d5ce9a55271c86f87e577127450a24e:active { border:0!important; } .u8d5ce9a55271c86f87e577127450a24e .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u8d5ce9a55271c86f87e577127450a24e { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u8d5ce9a55271c86f87e577127450a24e:active , .u8d5ce9a55271c86f87e577127450a24e:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u8d5ce9a55271c86f87e577127450a24e .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u8d5ce9a55271c86f87e577127450a24e .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u8d5ce9a55271c86f87e577127450a24e .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u8d5ce9a55271c86f87e577127450a24e .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u8d5ce9a55271c86f87e577127450a24e:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u8d5ce9a55271c86f87e577127450a24e .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u8d5ce9a55271c86f87e577127450a24e .u8d5ce9a55271c86f87e577127450a24e-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u8d5ce9a55271c86f87e577127450a24e:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: An Analysis of Death In British Literature EssayWorks Cited Charles Darwin. Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 14 May 2012. Web. 15 May 2012.  . Conrad, Joseph. Heart of Darkness. The Norton Anthology of English Literature. 8th ed. New York: W.W. Norton, 2006. 2329-386. Print. Eliot, T. S. The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock. The Norton Anthology of English Literature the Major Authors. 8th ed. New York: W.W. Norton, 2006. 2610-613. Print. God Is Dead. Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 05 Oct. 2012. Web. 15 May 2012.  . Heart of Darkness. Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 05 Dec. 2012. Web. 15 May 2012.  . Irrational. Dictionary.com. Dictionary.com. Web. 15 May 2012.  . Sigmund Freud. Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 15 May 2012. Web. 15 May 2012.  . Trench Warfare. Trench Warfare. Web. 15 May 2012.  . Yeats, William B. The Second Coming. The Norton Anthology of English Literature. 8th ed. New York: W. W. Norton , 2006. 2402-403. Print.

15 Dis- Words and Their Relations

15 Dis- Words and Their Relations 15 â€Å"Dis-† Words and Their Relations 15 â€Å"Dis-† Words and Their Relations By Mark Nichol Words with the antonymic prefix dis- are easily confused with similar-looking terms starting with mis- or un- that usually have differing connotations or entirely distinct senses. Here are comparative definitions of some of these terms, along with etymological identification: 1-2. Disassemble/Dissemble/Misassemble The first two words have a shared etymology but distinct meanings. To disassemble originally meant â€Å"to disperse† and now means â€Å"to take apart,† but to dissemble is to conceal or simulate. The Latin root they share is simulare, which means â€Å"to make like or to compare.† (Resemble, semblance, and the like also stem from this word, and similar is closely related.) Dissimulation is dissemble’s more directly descended synonym. To misassemble, meanwhile, is to assemble incorrectly. 3-4. Disassociate/Dissociate These interchangeable words mean â€Å"to separate,† either literally, as in withdrawing from a social group, or figuratively, as in diverging from past behavior. (The common root stems from the Latin term sociare, which means â€Å"to join,† from which English derives social, society, and similar words.) 5. Discharge/Mischarge Discharge means â€Å"to release,† â€Å"to unload,† or â€Å"to perform one’s duties.† Mischarge is a rare word meaning â€Å"to make a mistake in charging,† as in loading a weapon. (The root word, charge, is from the Latin term carricare, meaning â€Å"to load.†) 6. Disconnect/Misconnect To disconnect is to uncouple or unhook. To misconnect is to put together erroneously. (The shared root, connect, is from the Latin word connectere, â€Å"to join together.† That word’s root, in turn, is related to nexus, meaning â€Å"a link or bond.†) 7. Discount/Miscount A discount is a markdown on a price. A miscount is a tabulation made in error. (The source of the root count is the Latin word computare, from which, of course, compute and computer are derived.) 8. Disinformation/Misinformation Disinformation is a form or propaganda intended to cover up inconvenient facts and/or sway public opinion. Misinformation is a more neutral term referring merely to incorrect data. (The Latin root they share is formare, which means â€Å"to form or shape.†) 9. Disinterest/Uninterest These seemingly indistinguishable words sharing the root word interest (from the Latin term interesse, meaning â€Å"to be between† or â€Å"to make a difference†) have a key difference of connotation: To be disinterested is to have no stake in something, to be impartial, and uninterested denotes the more basis sense of a lack of concern or investment in something. 10. Dislocate/Mislocate To dislocate is to put out of place; to mislocate is to misplace, or lose. (Locate is from the Latin word locare, â€Å"to place,† and is related to locus, which refers to a site or center.) 11. Disorder/Misorder Disorder is a lack of organization or an instance of random placement, or a state of social upheaval; it is rarely used as a verb, perhaps because disorder is generally not a consciously achieved state. Misorder is an uncommon verb meaning â€Å"to erroneously order,† as in preparing an order, or a list of items such as tasks to accomplish or products to purchase. Disorder also applies to a mental or physical condition that is not normal. (The root word order is descended from the Latin term ordinem, meaning â€Å"arrangement.†) 12. Disorganized/Unorganized These antonyms of organized (from the Latin word organum, meaning â€Å"instrument† or â€Å"organ†) are nearly synonymous, but a distinction is sometimes made between the former referring impersonally to places and things and the latter being a personal characteristic. 13. Disqualified/Unqualified To become disqualified is to be deprived or made ineligible; to be unqualified is to already lack the required prerequisites for qualification. (The common root is from the Latin term qualis, meaning â€Å"of what kind,† which is also the source of quality.) 14. Dissatisfied/Unsatisfied These terms have different shades of meaning: To be dissatisfied is to be disappointed in the quality of something, such as a product, or work done; unsatisfied refers to a quantitative displeasure, such as when an appetite or demand is not fulfilled. (Satisfy, the root of both words, comes from the Latin term satisfacere, a compound of satis, meaning â€Å"enough† also the source of sate, meaning â€Å"to appease an indulgence† and facere, meaning â€Å"to do or make,† whence fact.) 15. Distrust/Mistrust Both words mean â€Å"the absence or lack of trust,† with no real distinction between them. The root, of course, is trust, borrowed from Scandinavian and related through the Germanic-language family tree to true and truth. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Spelling category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:How to Format a UK Business LetterCapitalization Rules for Names of Historical Periods and MovementsThe "Pied" in The Pied Piper

How To Handle Gossip About a Coworker

How To Handle Gossip About a Coworker Gossip happens. And there is always someone in every office who just can’t help but spread it. And of course, it can be fun. But it can be equally hurtful- and can damage careers- not just the person’s being gossiped about. How to take the high road? Here are a few useful strategies to keep your head above the fray.1. Set the tone.You need to be the grownup- especially if you’re a manager or supervisor and will be setting an example for your underlings. But really anyone can do this. If people start speculating wildly about company issues- or worse- gossiping about coworkers, bosses, and peers, you can be the first one to remove yourself and take a step back. This might just show them, by example, the error of their ways- without your having to say anything outright. Don’t let yourself be drawn in. If you can’t leave a conversation, try a subtle change of topic.2. Be open to negativity.People are more likely to gossip about you if you don’t s eem open to hearing their concerns or workplace issues (in the case of being a supervisor) or if you don’t seem open to constructive criticism yourself. Be as transparent as possible when you’re in a position of power. And no matter what your job title, keep the lines of communication open.3. Don’t punish the middleman.If you’re a supervisor and one employee steps forward to address an issue or bring a problem to your attention, don’t punish that person for doing so. That person’s coworkers will likely see this as a sign of your being unapproachable and unfair. Cue: gossip.4. Confront the source.Sometimes it becomes necessary to confront the gossiper, even if the gossip is about you. Most gossipers continue their chattering because they believe there are no negative consequences. But if you let them know you’re on to what they’re up to- and let them know your feelings on the matter- chances are they might stop on their own. If you have to chastise them for their behavior, make your criticism about the issue, not them personally. Don’t just say: you gossiped! that is wrong! Try instead: I’m concerned about the gossip and I’m hoping we can put an end to it. 5. Don’t be self-righteous.It’s all well and good to go high. It’s what you should be doing. But if you start to get really pompous or pious about your own good conduct in the face of rife and rampant gossip, you’re not going to make many allies. Stay casual when dealing with gossip, even when trying to be a good example. It’s not all about you, after all!

Safe guarding vulnerable adults Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Safe guarding vulnerable adults - Essay Example However, such resources have complicated literature search, necessitating establishment of sophisticated search strategies. This essay focuses on the literature searching process undertaken to obtain literature for my presentation. The first search strategy applied in the study is the use of well-build clinical questions. In this context, well-built research questions are questions deduced from the research topic such that they respond to key issues that forms the topic (Affuso, Capello, & Fratesi, 2011). My presentation addressed safeguarding vulnerable adults. I used the topic to formulate research questions for the presentation. The main questions considered for the search included: What causes vulnerability among adults? What is the variation in terms of vulnerability across gender and social class? (Thacker, 2011). What is role of the federal government in caring for vulnerable adults? In addition, what are the impacts of pension among vulnerable adults? The four questions were used to locate relevant literature from clinical databases. In each case the journal article or literature, material was selected according to its response to a particular question. For example Antonio, Roberta & Ugo (2011), argues that globalization and liberal social systems contribute to neglect of old people. Thus, the article responds to the second question, which is concerned with vulnerability across different genders and social class. Cooke-Hubley & Maddalena (2011), advocates for counseling and medical support for the elderly and other vulnerable groups. The article provides a precise response to the question concerning the causes of vulnerability among the adult population. Lastly, Payne (2008) analyzes strategies that could be applied to safeguard adults at end life. The article provides a sufficient response to the questions related to the impacts of pension on the elderly population. The second literature search strategy utilizes Key Words. Key words are words and phras es that form the basis of a research question. The key word strategy is the most commonly used strategy particularly when using electronic databases such as BNI, Medline, CINAHL, and ASSIA. Key word defines the boundaries of a particular search and, hence simplifies the search (Harvard, 2007). While using this strategy I used the already constructed research questions (Davies, & Nolan, 2006). Each of the research question was broken down into key words and phrases for easy search. In a particular search operation, key words were combined using Boolean operators to yield required results. Synonyms for key words are also required to facilitate the search. The following key words were developed from the research topic Safeguarding, Conservation, Protection, Defense vulnerable, liable, disposed, prone, subjected, adults, aged, elderly, and weak (Work, 2009). A particular combination of the key words yielded the required resource. Moreover, truncation of words was carried out to facilita te the search. Word truncation involves finding the base of key words. The following words are the basis for key words used in the search safe, conserve, and vuln* The following table provides a sample chart used to explore â€Å"Safeguarding vulnerable adults† using key words. Safeguarding Conservation Protection Defense Vulnerable Liable Disposed Prone Subjected Adults Aged elderly The search can be

Presentation on Web-Based Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Presentation on Web-Based - Essay Example These functions are inevitable and their successful execution ensures the achievement of aims and objectives of every organization. Specific functional areas are given the responsibility of executing specific types of business processes within a Human Services Organization. The following purposes are narrated well by Teachmebusiness.co.uk (2011): Considering Customer services a web based example of a customer services software would be highlighted. The tasks involved in the Customer Services Functional Area can be summarized in tabular form as follows: An example of the functional area of customer services can be SugarCRM. CRM stands for Customer Relationship Management. This is an integral functional area of every Human Services Organization as it involves all the customer related processes in it. Details of SuagrCRM are stated on the pages that follow. These CRM based information systems integrate the CRM related processes of a business environment and provide effective and productive linkage between a business environment and its customers. A leading present day commercial example of a CRM based management Information System is SUGAR CRM. SUGAR CRM is web based Open Source CRM software that has many Project Management Tools Embedded right into it. Gantt Charts and Other Add-ons are also available. Being open source means that modifications can be made within the software at almost all levels of it. Created by a California based company in the early years of 2000, it is an application that enables multi user login and contains excellent reporting provisions. Sugar CRM integrates best into the environment of just about any business. The OPEN nature of this software enables businesses to integrate this application package in accordance with the requirements of their business processes. Being labeled as OPEN the entire source code of the software is provided to the

Concept analys Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Concept analys - Assignment Example They are proven to have logical connections, physical connections and causal relations (Sassen, 2000, p. 240). Concepts must provide explanations to certain phenomena or events using intuitive thinking which may provide a better understanding using reasons, symbols and cause-and-effect. In addition, concepts have been created by people to represent things to provide meanings to them so that people may get explanations leading to understanding (Novacek and Smrz, 2006, p. 70). In short, concepts do not need to be physically tested as they can be products of intuitive thinking. Concepts are developed when certain phenomena exist with little or no explanations (Dashiff, 2010). People look for the explanations for the events that happen around them so they can better act and solve if ever problems exist. New concepts may also be formed when the established concepts are already out-of-date which require ground-breaking explanations to adapt to the current state of the phenomena (Dashiff, 2010). Change has been constant and some concepts may not be able to adjust to the environment and development so new concepts must be created. Concepts may also come out when there are gaps between practice and research (Dashiff, 2010). Research has been present to provide evidences and support to improve the practice of certain professions. In nursing, it has been necessary to have concept analysis to provide further development for the practice of that profession. Concepts provide the framework for nurses and nursing students to understand certain phenomena in their profession by providing meaning and connections with abstract ideas (Fitzpatrick and Kazer, 2012). For concept analysis to be successful, various traditional approaches have been developed. Concept analysis started with the approach created by Wilson which is composed of 11 steps (Meleis, 2012, p. 372). The steps must come to conclusion in choosing the words that best fit the meaning and concept applied

Changing Trends Of Hospitality Industry In India Tourism Essay

Changing Trends Of Hospitality Industry In India Tourism Essay As the Hospitality industry is a very vast topic, therefore, in order to make my dissertation proposal probable, I had to narrow down the hospitality industry to hotels and bars only for some part of the project like the change in the viewpoints of consumers, and for certain hotels which have their locations all around the world. My key focus would be mainly the top Players in the Industry owing hotels and lounge. In the recent past years, India has witnessed a tremendous boom in the hospitality industry, just like many other segments. The fact that the Indias economy had been growing rapidly and India as a whole had been facing a huge challenge of being under roomed gave a juncture to the hospitality industry. In order to leverage this opportunity a lot of real estate developers have also been investing into this business. (http://www.iloveindia.com/economy-of-india/hotel-industry.html, viewed on 28-dec-2010) However, with an increase in the tourism industry, IT, BPO segments, foreign travelers, affordable airline fares, etc, there has been a growth in the hospitality industry. Many other factors such as Commonwealth Games in Delhi have been fueling the need further. The middle class is becoming more opulent and the native Indian tourist travel has been growing rapidly, particularly in places such as Goa, Kerala and Rajasthan.( http://www.iloveindia.com/economy-of-india/hotel-industry.html ,viewed on 28-dec-2010) It was often said that a hotel must have a beautiful location and a succulent food in order to succeed. However, in todays competitive world, even an inconsequential mistake can prove to be jeopardous. The contribution in the information technology segment has also strengthened and so the growing hospitality industries have started looking for new areas to improve their work and efficiencies. The IT first came into start at an upfront desk where the receptionist would look for the names of the customer and then provide them with a room. In order to improve the operations, big hotels started setting accounting system and softwares for their back offices. As the chain of hotels started progressing in their process across the country, it was much required to look after their assets. This gave rise to the demand for a system to manage the property, which allowed hospitality groups to keep a track of their assets across different states. It was during the same period of time, that the big hospitality chains also felt the need for centralizing the system. This period saw chain of hotels being networked and then connected to a central server. Just like the Taj Group of Hotels have linked a WAN thats named Taj Net, which connects the groups of 55 properties across India, Nepal and Sri Lanka. There are many advantages in having a centralized system. As the Hotel industries has been dependant on Travel and Tourism industry to a great extent, the combination of this travel and tourism has also helped in building up hospitality industry. (www.expresshospitality.com viewed on 03-Jan -2011) RECIPIENT FOR THE RESEARCH WORK The recipient for this research work would be: The key recipient Myself My research adviser Top Hotels/ Resto- Bars in India and their Managers The Customers of Hotels RESEARCH SUITABILITY The topic that I have chosen for research relates to me very well. In the present day scenario, the global market trend sights that the survival of the fittest companies are competing with each other and the quality and service that these companies provide are the key concept for any companies growth. My research is focused much towards the support and service that is provided after occupying the hotel room and for any organization it would be a basic foundation concept to satisfy their customers and understand the need of their customers. As we can see many of the leading MNCs are paving their path to countries, which could provide them with services with better quality. LITERATURE REVIEW The hospitality industry is one of the largest employers in most of the countries with being geographically dispersed in different sectors. The globalization of the industry has advanced under the influence of the advances in technology, transportation and communication, deregulation and elimination of political barriers as well as thriving competition in the global economy (Clarke and Chen, International Hospitality Management ,w. 2007). The hotel as a whole is basically a mix of five characteristics: its location, its mix of facilities, its image, the services that it provides and the price it charges (Holloway and Neil Taylor, 2006, Pg. 2003). As said by Amadeus, the global hotel industry is driven by globalization, new Technology and a new breed of customers. The hospitality industry, which has been with unparalleled opportunity, is undergoing a period of extraordinary transformation. A report accredited by the Amadeus group to learn about the hotel industry, recommended that the hospitality industry stand to face major difficulties from the emerging new technologies such as bookings through tele or mobile phones and from the online social networking sites. Guests can now easily exchange views about what they think of the hotels through social networking. Quality is now given more priority than before. Hotels are under threat to deliver the highest standards of excellence as the knowledge and level of exposure of travelers has increased. The hotels have been awaiting to modify their technology and communication systems as mobile booking has expected to become a very common practice.(HayHurst,2008). In recent years, the organizations in the hospitality industry are undergoing a great deal of distract as due to the pressure of globalization, the competitive forces within their businesses have been modified. Therefore, in order to survive, most companies have realized that they must frame a competitive advantage by relying on their employees to improve the quality of delivery (George Bohlander, Scott Snell, 2009 Business Economics) Hoteliers are now able to identify the value of risk taking, novelty, and the intense search for opportunities as primary drivers of growth and value creation (Jogaratnam G., Vol. 18 No. 6, 2006). In addition, there has been an increase in the usage of technology as a mode of making online reservations through several distribution channels. These channels can be interpreted as an organized and serviced system that is paid for, out of the marketing budget and is used to provide an access to the customers, who are away from the location of production and consumption (Middleton and Clark, Marketing in Travel and Tourism, 2001). Usually in India, customers would make a reservation by either directly approaching the hotel or by booking through a travel agent. However, now the electronic distribution channels like the Global Distribution System (GDS) and the internet have been steadily gaining popularity. (Dabas and Manakt., Vol. 19 No. 5, 2007). Because of the perishable nature of the inventories, its very crucial for the hotel to have an economical distribution. (OConnor ,Vol. 4. pg 1-15, 2002). RESEARCH METHODOLOGY Every research methodology includes a research design which may be defined as the set of conditions organized hypothetically for the collection and analysis of data that aims to integrate relevance to the research process with economy in procedure Research Problem: Understanding the development in hospitality industry along with the current trends and, how the companies have been affected the need for their consumers as well as their perception. Research Question: The changing trends of the Hospitality Industry in India Research Objectives: 1. The performance of Hospitality industry in India. 2. How has the trend transformed in the past few years. 3. Analysing the demand and supply of accommodation and growing prices in different Indian hospitality industry? 4. How has the perception about the restaurants/hotels and bars changed in the minds of consumers? 5. Who are the chief players in the Indian market as well as the ones that have branched outside India? Approach: Since there is no relationship between the Hospitality Industry and the conclusion, the research would be fully prelusive so that the conclusion, which is being analysed using different methods of survey and study, would support the research. Strategy: The strategy that will be followed for the research work will be Surveys. Surveys will be taken from either the Hotels or Resto-Bars in India and also from the customers of different hospitality segments. DATA COLLECTION My data collection processes for this research would consist of series of procedures, which would be further branched into primary and secondary data collection. PRIMARY DATA COLLECTION The main processes that I would be relying on while using my primary data collection would be through questionnaire based on the information, that will be done by personally meeting the customers and by sending them posts and by meeting the staff of the hotel in person. The questionnaire I would be working on, would be divided in a way that would be most efficient in handling them and by keeping the time factor into consideration, the most applicable system would be applied to the best suitable group. While applying a wrong process in gathering information would result in delaying the whole operation. The research topic requires a Qualitative method to evaluate the findings aimed for. A well framed questionnaire will be given in person. The appropriate tool for my research proposal would be a type of a survey, because the best way to obtain the required data , in order to find answers for my research questions ,would be asking a set of questions. Every methods of data collection have its own advantages as well as disadvantages. For example: Internet survey: Survey done through e-mails and file sharing. The advantages of Internet as a mode of survey are: 1. Survey can be set up faster. 2. Survey results are faster. 3. Response can be administered by allowing pre and post questions. 4. The skip-pattern questions can be used to eliminate interviewer error. 5. Respondent can answer at their own convenience. 6. Cost of interview in minimal. Although, Internet survey has many advantages, it might not be the most appropriate method of surveying for this dissertation. The reason behind this is the anonymity of the web, which makes any type of affirmation difficult, if not impossible. Postal Questionnaire is yet another type of survey which has the following advantages and disadvantages : Advantages Their costs are relatively low. Data can be obtained from large sample areas. Can avoid interview bias. Privacy settings can be enhanced for the respondents. Rating scales can be flexible. Disadvantages Poor response rates. Respondents may misinterpret questions. The intended person may not be the one who completed questionnaire. The relative nature of the questions to be posted is supposed to have confidential information, has made me to decide that postal questionnaire might be the most appropriate form for collecting information. The methods for data collection range from the simple use of postal questionnaire to face-to-face interviews, where an interviewer uses tape recorder and note taking as their tools for collecting information. Few of the methods are expensive but they surely guarantee a good response rate, while others being cheap to administer but are most likely to produce a poor response (Les Oakshott, 2001) SECONDARY DATA COLLECTION: The secondary data are the type of data that are made by others for their own purposes. The secondary data for my research proposal would be gathered from the companies own data archives and from their annual financial reports. In addition, the findings of former research studies on outsourcing an accounting process would give an ample amount of historical data or decision-making patterns. I would also be using Internet to get some more information about the industry and use journals for getting instruction from the past researches on this topic. TOOLS FOR DATA ANALYSIS The data collected from the questionnaire would be analyzed through the SPSS text analysis. Different mode of SPSS analysis will be used in analyzing the data from the questionnaire. RESEARCH : NEW AND RELEVANT? Lately this topic has been quiet popular , with a boom in the hospitality industry there have been a lot of researcher working on this topic in order to understand the needs and behaviour of the people, so that they could suggest steps to improve and help grow the industry. The topic for this research is also a hot subject as the tourism industry is also connected with the hospitality industry and the tourism industry has progressed alot.

Welcome to the Underground :: Free Essay Writer

Welcome to the Underground While America sleeps safely at night, safe and secure in their world, there is another world taking place, a menacing and wild world. Right beneath their noses, taking place in their super markets, in empty warehouses, abandoned buildings, parks, and at roller skating rinks. Many will never know or hear about this world, for it may be safer not to know. For if one knows, he may be tempted to want to experience this world. Just indulging one night has been known to alter many lives. For once you go to the underground, there is no turning back. We walked towards the castle, drawn like magnets, already sensing the buzz of activity that lay inside. My friends were overly excited from the many energy drinks they had consumed earlier, so as to give them ultimate performance. My friend explained to me that a man named John Bishop built this castle single handedly, with little help from his family in 1963 and that every year he would add something new to it. It was nestled in the foothills of Pueblo, Colorado. As we walked closer the butterflies in my stomach flapped faster and more vigorously. The moon was shining brightly over our heads; the time about midnight, and still our journey had just begun. There were people frolicking everywhere; people of all ages, mostly teenagers though. They were dancing, hugging each other and running around zestfully. Most were dressed in Baggy jeans. One girl wearing a see-through plastic skirt with her pink daisy underwear displayed for all to view. Others had on doctor's masks, were carrying glow sticks, and some even had pacifiers in their. I looked at myself, jeans and a T-shirt. "I don't think I'm dressed right." I whispered to my friend, a so-called Rave expert. "Don't worry babe, nobody is going to care." He replied. Everyone seemed to know everyone else, except for myself. I knew no one. We were now nearing the entrance to the castle, each grasping our tickets as if they were the golden ticket in Willy Wonka. I handed my ticket to the doorman, which was exchanged for a half hearted pat down by the security guard. I stepped into the world of the rave.

Peace and War Essay

It was a wonderful period in human history. Peace existed through the large mass of geographic territory that many people of different cultures inhabited. It was the summer and the multitude of the population of these various neighboring countries enjoyed the prosperity they were blessed with. Then, a time moved forward†¦ It was a tragic and horrible way to die: drowning in one’s own blood because holes have been burned in the lungs due to the corrosive inhaled vapors that the canisters exploded. This was the unfortunate result of chemical and gas weapons. Could there be a worse way to die? Yes: starving on the battlefield as evidenced by gaunt corpses littering the landscape. This was the reality of World War One. Europe was a beautiful place in the early 20th century and the notion of war was the furthest thing from anyone’s mind. That is, it was far removed from people’s thoughts until a chain of events occurred that launched the massive devastation of The Great War. Perhaps those people in Europe only deluded themselves into thinking war as impossible. After all, the history of Europe (and many parts of the rest of the world) is one that chronicles war after war after war. The ability to live without war is simply a utopian fantasy that is not based in reality. In evidence of this, all one needs to do is look at the entirety of history. Throughout history, thousands of wars have been fought. Some have been justifiable acts of self defense, others have been aggressive acts of imperialism, and others have been simply been colossal errors in judgment that had tragic consequences. Regardless of the reasons for the onset of war, the fact remains that wars occurred and will continue to occur throughout human history. Peace and War Page 2 In reality, there will always be aggressive actions as long as nations seek international and domestic goals that may be at odds with other nations; cultural differences exist between societies that lead to tensions; imperial expansions and aggressions become a nation’s standard policy; dictatorships that are not accountable to their population continue to flourish; and human nature continues to embody Darwin’s model of â€Å"survival of the fittest. † This does not mean that human beings are bloodthirsty and crave violence and the subjugation of others. What it means is that nations seek self-preservation. In order to maintain this self-preservation (whether it is a noble goal or an imperial one), nations will require military buildups in order to deter interference or threats to their international and domestic interests. When such threats are perceived action will be taken. Of course, such action usually invites retaliation and the result is often full scale war. While we wish such a situation were avoidable, it has occurred so often in history that it was become, for lack of a better word, â€Å"standard operating procedure† on the part of certain world powers and they are not going to change this policy any time soon. In other words, for war to be eliminated from the landscape of human existence, then human nature itself must change. For all serious considerations, human nature is not going to change on such a grand scale that war actions become obsolete. Again, such a concept is utopianism not based in pragmatic, practical reality; but, rather, a complete disregard for the consistent actions of human beings since biblical times. As such, war will never disappear and will remain part of the human landscape forever more.

Free Essays on Echoes From The Macabre

In the story â€Å"Echoes from the Macabre† written by Daphne Du Maurier, all the characters have interesting traits. Out of all these characters, there are two that caught my eye. These characters are the two twin sisters that Laura met in Venice. She believes these sisters changed her life. In the very beginning of the story, the two sisters seem very mysterious. Laura and her husband, John notices the sisters staring at them while they are eating in a restaurant. Laura becomes overwhelmed and follows one of the sisters to the bathroom. Laura finds out that one of the sisters is psychic and observes the presence of their daughter, Christine who has passed away. She informs Laura that her sister who is blind saw Christine sitting with her and John in the restaurant. She says that Christine is happy. After a long conversation with the sister in the bathroom, Laura returns to her table to meet John and tells him the news. Laura is extremely happy while John expresses feelings of anger. He refuses to believe that such a thing is possible because Christine is dead. They finish eating and leave the restaurant to go tour the city of Venice. While they are sightseeing, John notices the sisters many times. He feels like they are being followed. He hopes that Laura does not notice them. He is irritated about what the sisters said about Christine and finds it very difficult to believe. Laura, on the other hand, has never been happier. She wonders if Christine is by their side every second of the day. The sisters are mysterious throughout the entire story. The author never mentions any major details about these characters. These characters are prominent and help the plot to grow and become extremely interesting throughout the story. Without these characters, the story would not be entertaining. At the end of the story, nothing is resolved with these characters. The reader is not sure if they were telling the truth about Christine.... Free Essays on Echoes From The Macabre Free Essays on Echoes From The Macabre In the story â€Å"Echoes from the Macabre† written by Daphne Du Maurier, all the characters have interesting traits. Out of all these characters, there are two that caught my eye. These characters are the two twin sisters that Laura met in Venice. She believes these sisters changed her life. In the very beginning of the story, the two sisters seem very mysterious. Laura and her husband, John notices the sisters staring at them while they are eating in a restaurant. Laura becomes overwhelmed and follows one of the sisters to the bathroom. Laura finds out that one of the sisters is psychic and observes the presence of their daughter, Christine who has passed away. She informs Laura that her sister who is blind saw Christine sitting with her and John in the restaurant. She says that Christine is happy. After a long conversation with the sister in the bathroom, Laura returns to her table to meet John and tells him the news. Laura is extremely happy while John expresses feelings of anger. He refuses to believe that such a thing is possible because Christine is dead. They finish eating and leave the restaurant to go tour the city of Venice. While they are sightseeing, John notices the sisters many times. He feels like they are being followed. He hopes that Laura does not notice them. He is irritated about what the sisters said about Christine and finds it very difficult to believe. Laura, on the other hand, has never been happier. She wonders if Christine is by their side every second of the day. The sisters are mysterious throughout the entire story. The author never mentions any major details about these characters. These characters are prominent and help the plot to grow and become extremely interesting throughout the story. Without these characters, the story would not be entertaining. At the end of the story, nothing is resolved with these characters. The reader is not sure if they were telling the truth about Christine....

By the way vs. As a matter of fact

By the way vs. As a matter of fact By the way vs. As a matter of fact By the way vs. As a matter of fact By Maeve Maddox A reader from Brazil asks for clarification on the expressions â€Å"by the way† and â€Å"as a matter of fact,† having heard that they are interchangeable expressions to be used when a person wants to change the subject of a conversation. by the way As one of its earliest meanings, the expression â€Å"by the way† had the literal meaning of â€Å"along the way† in the sense of something happening in passing on a journey. For example, â€Å"I lost my money by the way.† The use of â€Å"by the way† in conversation is figurative. A person thinks of something else while in the process of talking: We went to the Crystal Theater over the weekend to see Titanic. By the way, while we were there, we bumped into Leroy and his new girlfriend. The expression does introduce a new subject, but not as a deliberate ploy to change the subject. The new subject has been suggested by something already being talked about. as a matter of fact This expression means, â€Å"in fact, really, actually.† Its strongest use is to correct a falsehood or misunderstanding, as in this example: Most people probably believe that the actress Judy Holliday, who acted the part of a dumb blonde in Born Yesterday, was really of low intelligence. As a matter of fact, she had an IQ of 172. In its weakened use, â€Å"as a matter of fact† still means, â€Å"in fact† or â€Å"actually,† but not in the sense of correcting a falsehood. It seems to be used as one might say indeed for emphasis or contrast. Here are some examples from the Web: I asked my sister if she drank diet soda. She told me that she did. As a matter of fact, she was getting ready to crack one open that moment. At 12 years old, I wasn’t a fat kid. As a matter of fact, I was pretty skinny. The weight isnt going to instantly fly off in the first week. As a matter of fact, I gained weight before I started losing. I am doing so well in my health. As a matter of fact I have dodged several colds that my husband has come down with. Yes, you have to deal with co-workers. As a matter of fact, you have to interact with them daily. It is possible that someone uncomfortable with the turn a conversation has taken might use one of these expressions to introduce an entirely new topic, but that is not their general function. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Expressions category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Regarding Re:How to Pronounce Mobile48 Writing Prompts for Middle School Kids

Management Styles and Impact on Employee Motivation Essay - 1

Management Styles and Impact on Employee Motivation - Essay Example This research will begin with the statement that being a manager brings a lot of responsibilities and using the right style of management can have a major impact on the overall performance of the teams as well as the business. There are a number of different styles of management that can be used to manage teams and each of them has a different impact on the teams and the business. There are styles which are people-oriented while others are based on projects and products alone. The style of management that is adopted by a person is dependent on the skills and knowledge of the person and also the desired result that the individual plans to achieve from the teams. Managing people at work is an essential element of any business. Human Resources Management is a specialized function by itself and requires to be managed with special care and attention. Employees are an asset to any company. A few of the types of leadership styles which are normally used include a) Authoritative leadership, b) Participative leadership, and c) Democratic. Here the main focus is on the authoritative leadership and participative leadership. Authoritative leadership is a strategy used by the managers to keep complete control of the employees. Here managers do not trust the employees and are more of authoritative figures who give orders and do not consider any views or suggestions from the employees. This approach of leadership is based on the views of Taylor and those of McGregor’s theory X and Y.

Final paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Final paper - Essay Example Adhering to a tradition that is historicary and theologically interconnected to two other religions means to stick to something common among all religions, as all of them believe in the existence of only one God The Jews use the Hebrew bible as their canon, the canon contains the story and the portrayals of Abraham Jews refer to Abraham as Abram, which later changed to Abraham after the making of the covenant, in the canon Abraham is the son of Terah, husband to Sarah and father to Isaac. In Judaism, sticking to the Abraham tradition is because of his obedience in God and the faith he had in God, Abraham was righteous. The covenant he made with God, which is to make him the father of all nations with circumcision as the physical evidence to show all his descendants, is also very important in Judaism. Abraham was a man full of faith and obedience, when God called Abraham and instructed him to leave his home Haran to go to an identified destination Abraham obeyed and left, God however made a covenant with Abraham used up to date by the Jews . The covenant between God and Abraham was that of giving him many descendants, as the stars in heaven, that is from Abraham a great nation would emerge that would greatly benefit human kind. Despite the fact that Abraham and Sarah and no children, Abraham had faith in God that he would fulfil his promise by giving him a son Jews view circumcision very important up to date, they believe that for all the descendants of Abraham circumcision should be necessary just as the Hebrew bible states that the covenant is everlasting to all the descendants of Abraham. Judaism religion is guided by the covenant in which the followers believe to have emerged; this brings to the religion the meaning of Abraham in their teachings. Jews also have the believe in the faith and the obedience that Abraham had in the almighty God. Even with all the doubt that Sarah

Community Oriented Policing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Community Oriented Policing - Essay Example One major aspect of this approach is the effort to prevent crime rather than just addressing it after the fact. By focusing on the role of police and the community in recognizing factors that lead to crime and resolving those issues rather than just relating to a crime scene, prevention of crime can be the final result. The philosophy behind this system is full-service personalized policing, working with citizens to identify and solve problems (California, 2008). Studies have shown that the main strategies commonly used in the police department-rapid response, reactive arrest, and random patrol-do not necessarily deter crime (OJJDP, 2004). No matter how quickly an officer responds to a crime scene, injury is often caused within seconds and response time has no real benefit in preventing the crime. Reactive arrest, in response to observed and reported crime, should discourage an individual from committing a similar crime in the future, but that has not been the case, especially with the number of juveniles engaged in crime. Reactive arrest has little effect on juvenile crime. The third strategy, random patrol, is not what the community considers the best use of police resources. The chance of apprehending a criminal by chance has not warranted random patrols as a system of crime deterrence. WitNew Approaches to Crime Prevention With the present efforts to include members of a community in the prevention of crime, COPPS is being put into place throughout the United States. With quality contacts between police and citizens, less crime will occur and knowing what causes crime will minimize occurrences of crime. Some of the benefits realized by this innovative system are as follows (OJJDP, 2004; California, 2008): Surveillance of residential neighborhoods by residents themselves can deter crime. Police can gain information from informal interactions with residents. Interaction with residents also improves residents' ability to protect themselves. When the public respects the police and are confident of police protection, likelihood of crime is reduced. Community involvement establishes new public expectations of and measurement standards for police effectiveness. Involvement requires constant flexibility to respond to all emerging issues. It decentralizes police services/operations/management. It shifts focus of police work from individual incidents to addressing problems identified by the community. The main areas of concern that might lead to crime in a community are based on population, age, economic standing, type of housing, community interaction, employment and education. One area in which crime is most likely is in low-income housing complexes. This type of housing has incurred low esteem through its lack of attractive design and proper maintenance. There is a sameness about this type of property that does not encourage pride of place. The people who live in these units are often unemployed and lack specific skills. Depression, drug dependency, and alcoholism are apt to exist because of inability of tenants to raise their standard of living. Anderson (2001) offers Spelman and Eck's model of three components necessary for crime to

Illuminati and New World Order Essay Example for Free

Illuminati and New World Order Essay Conspiracy theories have been around forever, but today there seems thousands of them. These theories are developed over time, by looking at past and current events throughout time. When we look at these events, we reanalyze them and question whether or not there is more to the story. This is done because we like to create ideas and seek the truth. One of the most well known conspiracy theories is the secret group known as the Illuminati. The Illuminati in modern times is thought of as a secret group, whose members are made of the worlds most influential and famous. These members include world leaders such as presidents, prime ministers and dictators. Even many celebrities are mentioned, mostly being well known song artist. The goal of the Illuminati is to control the economy and use mind control to establish a new world order. All the members involved are rumored to be self-seeking opportunist who perform satanic rituals to bring harm to the masses for their own spiteful desires. Even though This might be just another bogus theory, it is important to be aware of it, otherwise we are doomed because We cant allow ourselves to be blind to the truth and the rich will take advantage of us. Since the Illuminati has control over world finance, politics and media they control a lot of the way we live, but not how we live. Ive looked into the Illuminati for almost five years now and its crazy how much of a stir this idea has caused and how many people talk about it. To me this just gives the theory strength and once an idea has enough believers to back it up, thats when the threnody is no longer just a thought, its a reality. With an idea like this becoming so powerful, its common sense we need to keep our eye open especially with crazy people who will try to attack influential people whom page they believe to be members of the Illuminati. Either way its always nice to be open minded and aware in your approach to life. Now as for the legitimacy of the Illuminati, its real and refers to a very old group called the Bavarian Illuminati, founded by Adam Weishaupt. The term Illuminati comes from the Latin word illuminatus, meaning â€Å"enlightened†. The members of the group were known as the enlightened ones. The Illuminati in the 1700s had a goal to eradicate superstition and the Roman churches domination over science and philosophy. Even though the group only gathered 2,000 members within the span of ten years, keep in mind it was the 1700s and all the members where very influential people. Those influential people were literary men who were attracted to the group because of they faced the same opposition. Eventually Karl Theodore became ruler of Bavaria and he decided to put a ban on all secret groups like the Illuminate, due to his ties with religion. This is where the original Illuminati was supposed to have been disbanded, but throughout time former members who spread their influence and rose back to power. This is where the conspiracy theory starts and the modern day Illuminati begins to rise to power. How they kept communication is widely argued about, the only thing that is consistent is that the old members that were cast out from the original group scattered out and recruited new influential members across the globe from Napoleon Bonaparte to George Washington. Eventually the American Revolution happens and America gains its independence. With George Washington leading this new born nation, this country was being guided by a man who pledged his allegiance to Lucifer in order to gain wealth and fame, at the cost of the suffering of others. With so much power the Illuminati began to rise and never stopped, due to how great a nation America became. Today America is arguably the lone super power nation, filled with the most diverse population and greatest minds from everywhere, we have found a home. The only problem is the Illuminati is a guest in our home and will make it their own if were not aware. Most people would say if secret page organizations like this were so powerful, it would be obvious to spot out and destroy it. This is half true, they are powerful, but with media distracting us everywhere we go, its easy to blend in. The Illuminati will remain hidden until they want to make their big move for world domination. In order to survive we must keep track of its active members and try to limit their growth as much as we can. This theory has been going around ever since the first group broke up in the 1700s and the theory has only continued to grown due to its infamy and signs of credibility. The theory has been presented from everyone all over the world. With a theory as big as this one has become, there are going to be a lot of issues and there needs to be some proof to back its claim. Now its time to show all the symbolism the Illuminati uses to communicate with each other right under the publics nose. They control the currency and the bills we use in America. On the one dollar bill there are so many coincidences. The main one being the eye in the pyramid on the back of the dollar bill. The Illuminatis main symbol the all seeing eye staying true to their original symbol back in the 1700s. Now this may seem like an extremely far fetched coincidence, but theres more. The latin words above and below the pyramid. Above the pyramid it says Annuit Caecares, in latin this means annoucing the birth. then below the pyramid it says nuevos ordo seclorum meaning New world order. Announcing the birth of a new world order seems fitting because America gained its independence, but the next part is where you start to question whats really going on. Below the pyramid is a date May 1st, 1776. The birth of the original Illuminati, not America. It doesnt stop there even the Eagle holding 13 olive branches and 13 arrows. This goes along with 13 stripes on the American flag and the 13 stars above the eagles head. Finally another latin phrase above the eagles head E plubus unum meaning one out of many because thats exactly who controls the worlds money, the 1%. The eagle itself isnt based on the bald eagle, its based on a phoenix. The 1782 seal depicts a Phoenix holding arrows and an olive branch. The same seal the original Illuminati used. Theres just too many obvious signs that some thing is going on with American power in relation to the Illuminati. page Another Illuminati symbol is the owl because of its the symbol of Mivera, the goddess of wisdom. The owl is shown as well in the upper right corner of the face on the one dollar bill. Supposedly many US presidents have bowed down to a giant Owl statue locatin at the bohemian grove. The Bohemian Grove located in Monte Rio, California is a major planning and meeting place of the secret group. The manhattan project was rumored to have been planned there. Also Nixon and Reagan decided who would run for president in that spot as well-(herbs 21). Symbolism is a very important thing when it comes to the illuminati to stay alert of its presence. Especially when it comes to the media and people we look up to.

Drug Usage In Sports Physical Education Essay

Drug Usage In Sports Physical Education Essay Athletes normally use drugs while training and during an event to give themselves an unfair advantage over the other competitors. Drugs can be used during training to allow the person to train for longer, build muscle faster and to quicken the recovery after training, to allow them to train sooner than from the time taken to recover naturally. The world anti-doping agency (WADA) is the head of controlling the use of drugs within major sports, the Olympics, NBA etc.i WADA have banned many substances from use within sports for several reasons, the main reason to protect the athlete and their health as not everyone who takes then performance enhancers does it of their own free will. Other reasons include the prevention of aggressive behavior because some steroids can promote aggression and in a contact sport this could lead to fatal injuries to the opponent. Also the effect performance enhancers has on fair play, taking a substance that gives you an unfair advantage is pure and simple cheating. The use of drugs as an aid in sports dates back to ancient times, where mushrooms and herbs were used by the Greeks and Romans to enhance performance. In the 19th century these mushrooms and herbs were substituted for alcohol, opium and caffeine. In the present day there is a much larger cocktail of drugs used including; anabolic agents, ?2-agonists, diuretics, stimulants, narcotics and beta blockers to mention a few. The aim of this dissertation is to look into the classes of drugs used in the sporting world, how they affect the body, how they work in the body on a cellular level, how athletes are tested for drugs and the side effects of short and long term use. Examples of drugs used Androgenic anabolic steroids are synthetic forms of the male hormone Testosterone, in sports the more common steroids are Stanozolol (aka Stromba) and Nandrolone (aka Deca-Durabolin). WADA (world anti-doping agency) holds a list of all banned steroids from the major sporting organizations some of the oral administered steroids that are banned include Anadrol (oxymetholone), Oxandrin (oxandrolone) and Dianabol (methandrostenolone). Banned injectable steroids include Durabolin (nandrolone phenpropionate), Depo-Testosterone (testosterone cypionate), Equipoise (boldenone undecylenate). Stromba can come in the form of a 50mg/ml injection or a 5mg tablet where Nandrolone comes in a 2ml vial with a dosage of 100mg/ml, the effective dose is 250 1500 mg per week. These drugs when taken increase protein synthesis and enhance muscle development, when used in the medical world these drugs can decrease the itching of chronic biliary obstruction and they are used in the therapy of some aplastic anaemias. Steroids can also be used to compensate for people who can produce testosterone or can produce enough of it for their body to function normally, this is a symptom of 47, XXY males (Klinefelters syndrome).ii In sports the enhanced muscle development side of steroids is more important. It is more likely to observe this type of drug use in athletes who will be required to use a lot of strength, ie weight lifters, shot putters, discus throwers etc in the Olympics. The use of these drugs may also be observed in sports such as rugby and baseball. Normally ?2-agonists are used in the treatment of asthma by acting as a bronchodilator, which requires stimulation of ?2 adrenoceptors. Athletes exploit the ability of these drugs to dilate the airways and use ?2-agonists in order to gain advantage over the competition by being able to take deeper breaths than normal. This was mostly seen in swimming events where the athlete could stay under water longer and reduce resistance while swimming. Some ?2-agonists are still permitted for use by the International Olympic Charter (IOC)iii, the permited drugs are salbutamol, terbutaline, formoterol and salmeterol. However if an athlete is to take one of these drugs they must wait until the initial effects of the drug have passed before competing. This drug is normally taken orally through use of an inhaler. Narcotics are one of the earliest drugs used in medicine for pain relief; they work by acting on the brain to reduce the amount of pain felt. This is useful to athletes who maybe injured to allow themselves to force their bodies back into training. This is very risky, as forcing training upon an injured body can lead to further injury.iv Narcotics can be administered through many different methods, depending on what drug it is. Cocaine is normally inhaled through the nose, heroin is normally injected into a vein and morphine can be administered through IV drip or taken in the form of a tablet. The benefit of this class of drug is it allows the athlete to push themselves further, through what is known as the pain threshold. The pain threshold is like a wall that athletes will hit while training vigorously for extended periods of time, this wall is often difficult to overcome and the use of narcotics aids in this battle. This class of drug doesnt just include illegal drugs such as hero in or cocaine but also includes morphine, and although mild, codeine. Diuretics which include Frusimide, chlorothiazide and hydrochlorothiazide come in a tablet form and can prevent the reabsorption of water from the kidneys, this is used in the medical world as treatment for heart failure and hypertension, and it can also be used in lower concentrations to reduce blood pressure. Diuretics are controlled in sports due to their ability to remove water from the body; this type of drug is mostly beneficial to athletes who are trying to make a weight class, ie boxing. If an athlete is meant to be in a middle class weight group and looses water to put him in a light weight class it gives him an unfair advantage over who he may be fighting. Diuretics can also be used to mask the effect anabolic steroids have on the body, as these steroids can cause the body to retain water. Diuretics have also been taken to try and cover drug usage when tests are carried out, as diuretics can control the excretion of water from the body they have been taken to try and dilute the concentration of other drugs in urine.v Beta-blockers are a primary therapeutic use in the fight against cardiovascular disease, but it was also found during treatment that these medicines stopped muscle tremors.vi This is of benefit to the sports of professional archery or shooting in the pentathlon and can also be used in snooker. The down side to this is the disadvantage it holds in activates that exert the body like long distance running, so to combat the use of beta-blocker so the officials of the pentathlon held the long distance running and shooting on the same day. However the athletes then started using beta-blockers with a shorter half life. Discussion The drugs used in sport all work to the same purpose which is to enhance ones performance in a specific event through non-natural means. Although all the drugs described work towards the same goal, they each work differently in the body on a cellular receptor level. In this section I will describe and discuss the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of some of these drugs. I will also look at the desired effects on the body and the unwanted effects as well as metabolism of drugs. Pharmacokinetics deals with the half life of drugs in the body, the metabolism and excretion of drugs from the body. Pharmacodynamics is how the drug produces its response, the receptors involved and where they may be located in the cell and what organs are affected by the drug in question. Pharmacokinetics The body is a very effective tool when it comes to transforming active chemicals into inactive ones. This process is done through the use of enzymes normally produced by the cells of the liver, but some other cells throughout the body are also used for metabolism. In relation to this topic metabolism is simple changes to an active chemical or drug into a safe metabolite which can then be excreted from the body.vii However metabolism does not always work this way, sometimes an active compound can be metabolized into another active compound which the same pharmacological effect with higher or lower potency or a completely different pharmacological effect. An active compound may also be changed into a toxic metabolite or an inactive drug can be activated. Drugs can be eliminated from the body through many means. The compounds can be passes through urine from the kidneys or in faeces from the rectum. They can also be passed from the bodys salivary glands as saliva, from the sweat glands, the pulmonary epithelium as exhaled gasses and from mammary glands in the form of mammary milk. The half life of a drug is the time taken for the concentration of a drug in your system to half; the half life varies from drug to drug. Normally a drug is taken at regular intervals to keep its concentration in the therapeutic level. Athletes however may only take one dose of the drug for their upcoming event. Pharmacodynamics Anabolic steroids bind to androgen receptors found in the prostate, skeletal muscle, the liver and the CNS. The highest expression level was observed in the prostate, adrenal gland and epididermis which were determined by real-time PCR reactions.viii The androgen receptors are located in the cytoplasm of a cell, which is why steroids have to be soluble compounds. Once testosterone or DHT binds to a receptor it is translocated to the nucleus. Androgen receptors are directly linked to the regulation of gene transcription, when a receptor is stimulated by testosterone it produces primary male characteristics by activating hormones in the wolffian duct. Wolffian ducts are embryonic structures which form the male internal genitalia.ix The secondary male characteristics such as hair follicles are a response to DHT binding to the androgen receptor; DHT is produced when 5-alpha-reductase acts on testosterone. One of the more common side effects of this drug is the inhibition of your own hormones. If more of a hormone is introduced into your body it will cause your body to react and produce less of the hormone. Other side effects include not being able to perform sexually, steroids can lead to an increase in LDLs (bad cholesterol), an increase in estrogen has also been observed which can lead to the development of breast tissue in men and steroids can also have a damaging effect on the liver. ?2-agonists as the name suggest work on ?2 adrenoceptors which are located on the cell membrane. When a ?2-agonist binds to a ?2 adrenoceptor it causes smooth muscle relaxation which in asthma sufferers dilates the airways and helps them to breathe normally, in athletes this allows them to take deeper breaths and inhale more oxygen which increases stamina and reduces fatigue. The major side effect from ?2-agonists is cardiac arrhythmia, this is due to an increased myocardial oxygen demand, ?2-agonists can also lead to angina in patients with coronary artery disease and tremors have also been observed. Narcotics are classed as opioids, which are any drug that produces morphine-like-effects, and bind to opioid receptors. Opioid recrptors are linked through G-proteins to inhibition of adenylate cyclase and facilitate the opening of Potassium channels which causes hyperpolarisation. This binding also inhibits the opening of calcium channels which inhibits transmitter release. The side effects of these drugs include respiratory depression, euphoria, sedation and dependence. There are three subcategories of opioid receptors, , ? and ? receptors. Pure opioid drugs have more of an affinity for receptors; this binding is what produces the euphoric effect of opioid drugs.xThe opioid receptors can be found both presynaptically and postsynaptically depending on the cell type. Receptors are mostly presynaptic in the periaqueductal grey region of the brain. These receptors can also be found in layers of the cerebral cortex and the intestinal tract. Diuretics are divided into two categories; loop diuretics which are of the most powerful and distal tubule diuretics. Normally less than 1% of sodium that is taken into the body is excreted but the use of loop diuretics causes fifteen to twenty percent of filtered sodium to be excreted with copious amounts of urine. Loop diuretics work by inhibiting sodium, potassium and chloride co-transporters in the thick ascending loop and increase potassium and calcium loss.xi The unwanted effects of this include dehydration and hypokalaemia (defined as a potassium level of less than 3.5 mEq/l). Beta-blockers attach to ? adrenoceptors on cells of the heart and produce no response in the cell. The body normally responds to stress by releasing lots of adrenaline which activates the bodies fight or flight response which is normally useful in the cases of being chased by a bear. Some athletes however have to keep their cool and take beta-blockers to stop this response from occurring.xii Athletes that require a steady hand for accurate aim in archery may be persuaded to take these. The undesired effects of this type of drug is it disallows your heart rate to increase, so if beta-blockers are taken before a race blood wont circulate oxygen around the body fast enough to maintain a fast pace. Conclusion From my research I can understand why some athletes may take performance enhancing drugs but I am not certain the short term gain outweighs the long term loss. Boxers who are a tiny bit heavy and have to go into a tougher weight class are understandably scared; they will be among the lightest in their class going up against bigger guys, where if they use diuretics and drop some water they become the bigger guys in a lower weight class. For some athletes they may be getting on in their career and want to end it with a win so they cheat in order to finish their career on a high. Athletes at the start of their career are out of their minds, to put it politely, to use these drugs because they have a whole career ahead of them to work on weakness in a natural way and better themselves each year until they achieve their victory. Is it not better to work hard at something and reap more self satisfaction knowing that you have trained hard and achieved your goal of your own doing without damaging your body, than to win a hollow victory through the use of drugs and then be disgraced when tests come back positive for drug use. All in all I think drugs should stay where they belong, in the hospitals where they are of most benefit to society. i World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) constitutive instrument of foundation, 1999, lausanne (www.wada-ama.org) ii Hormonal studies in klinefelters syndrome august 1974, C. Wang, H.W.G. Baker, D.M. DEKrester, B, Hudson iii International Olympic Charter against doping in sports, medical commission, IOC 1990 iv Drugs in sport fourth edition, 2005, David R. Mottram v The influence of diuretics on excretion and metabolism of doping agents, 1986, Delbeke FT, Debackere M vi Heart failure reviews, pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of beta-blockers in heart failure volume 9/issue 2 April 2004 , Springer Netherlands vii Drugs and the human body fifth edition 1996, Ken Liska viii The androgen receptor: a mediator of diverse response, 1996, Keller ET, Ershler WB, Chang C [pubmed] ix Regulation of wolffian duct development, 2007, Hannema SE, Hughes IA [pubmed] x A primer of drug action, A comprehensive guide to actions, uses and side effects of psychoactive drugs eleventh edition, 2007, Robert M. Julian, Clair D. Advokat, Joseph E. Comaty xi Rang and Dales pharmacology sixth edition, 2007, H.P. Rang, M. Maureen Dale, James M. Ritter xii Pharmacology fifth edition, 2003, H.P. Rang, M.M. Dale, J.M. Ritter, P.K. Moore